Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
重点短语:
clean up by oneself cheer up
put off give out put on
used to give away take after
set up make a difference care for
come up with
语言知识归纳：
1. give out 分发，发放
【拓展】give构成的短语还有：
give away 赠给，赠送 give in 屈服，投降
give up 放弃 give off 发出（气味、光、热等）
2.come up with 提出，想出
(1)表示“想出或提出”，相当于think of
I think she can come up with a good idea
(2)come up with还可表示 “赶上”,相当于catch up with.
We should study hard to come up with them
【例题】( ) We must _____a plan to improve your math.
A. pick up B. catch up with C. come up with D. make up
3. I’v run out of it. 我已经把它用完了。
run out of 表示 “用完，用光”，其主语一般是人。
【拓展】run out of 还可表示“从……跑出来”。
Bill ran out of the room. Bill从房间里跑出来。
run构成的短语还有
run away 逃走 run after追赶
run into difficulties遇到困难
【例题】( ) When your money____, please come to me for some.
A. runs out of B. runs out C. is running out of D. is run out
4. I take after my mother.我长得像我妈妈。
【辨析】take after 与look like
take after意为“长得像，行为、性格等像”,尤其是像自己的长辈。
The boy takes after his father. 这个男孩长得像他爸爸。
look like 可以用于所有场合，既可指人也可指物，仅指外表看上去像。
The man looks like our teacher. 这个男的看起来像我们的老师。
The rainbow looks like a bridge. 彩虹看上去像一座桥。
【拓展】take 构成的短语
take up take off take place
take one’s time take care
【例题】( ) -You’ve really beautiful blond hair. -Thank you. I ____my mother.
A. look after B. take after C. take from D. look for
5. set up 创办，建立
set up 为副词短语，与start, establish同义
They’ve set up a company. 他们创办了一家公司。
与set 相关的短语还有：
set out 动身，开始（做某事）
set off 出发，引起，激发
6. You helped to make it possible for me to have lucky.
对我来说，有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有Lucky.
it是形式宾语
You made it possible for me to catch up with others. 你让我有可能赶上其他人。
【例题】( ) He found ___hard to go to sleep with the light on.
A. it B. that C. he D. him
7.Lucky makes a big difference to my life. Lucky对我的生活产生了很大的影响。
make a big difference 意为“对……产生很大的影响”，difference在此为“影响”的意思。
【例题】( ) The heavy snow didn’t ___ the international airlines.
A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to
8. imagine v. 想象，假想；以为，认为
imagine （v.想象）→ imagination（n.想象）→ imaginative (adj.富于想象力的）
9.help... out 帮……克服困难，帮……分担工作
The teacher often helps his students out. 那位老师经常帮他的学生解决问题。
10.be excited about... 对……兴奋
I’m excited about the game of Li Na. 我对李娜的比赛感到兴奋。
exciting 修饰物
重点语法：动词短语
动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：
(1) 动词+介词
这类动词短语主要有：agree with, ask for, arrive at, hear of, look at, take after, listen to等。
这类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
I’m looking for my pen. Don’t laugh at the poor man.
(2)动词+副词
这类动词短语有：find out, give out, look up, put on, turn on/off, wake up, work out等。
这类动词后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词前面或后面；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在
副词前面。
Please pick up the pen.= Please pick the pen up.
It took him two hours to work it out.
(3) 动词+名词+介词
这类动词短语有：have a look at, make friends with, pay attention to, take care of, look forward to等。
在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。
You should pay more attention to your pronunciation.
(4) 动词+形容词+介词
这类动词短语有：be angry with, be busy with, be good for, be different from, be interested in,
be good at等。
【例题】(1) ( ) When you don’t know a word, you can ___in the dictionary.
A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up
(2) ( ) We will have dinner at the restaurant, which is famous ___its sea food.
A. of B. to C. for D.as
。