有关被动语态的几个重要考点

有关被动语态的几个重要考点
 
■将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题
1. All the employees except the manager ______to work online at home. www.34en.com
A. encourages          B. encourage         C. is encouraged     D. are encouraged
解析：主语是all the employees(复数) ，而不是the manager，排除答案A和C；又因all the employees与encourage是被动关系，要用被动语态，排除B，故选D。
2. A library with five thousand books _______to the nation as a gift.
A. is offered            B. has offered          C. are offered        D. have offered
解析：a library是offer的承受者，要用被动语态，排除B和D；又因主语(library) 是单数，排除C；故选A。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定语。
■将语态与虚拟语气结合起来命题
—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?
— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to.
A. will not be sent; that                          B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what                    D. should not send; what
解析：因he与send是被动关系，排除D；又因it (is) necessary后的that从句的谓语要用“(should+) 动词原形”，排除选项A；答句中的表语从句不缺任何句子成分，用that；故选B。
■将语态与倒装结合起来命题
Only after my friend came ______.
A. did the computer repaired                  B. be repaired the computer
C. was the computer repaired                 D. the computer was repaired
解析：因the computer与repair是被动关系，排除A；又因only加状语置于句首，要用部分倒装，排除选项D和B；故选C。
■将固定短语中的名词作主语来增加句子理解难度
Good care must ______babies, particularly while they are ill.
A. take                  B. take of               C. be taken             D. be taken of
解析：由固定短语take good care of(好好照看) 是可知，good care与take是被动关系，排除A和B；选项C中又漏掉了of；故选D。
■在语境中将语态与时态结合起来命题
1. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ______to eat more fruit and vegetables.
A. persuade              B. will persuade      C. be persuaded      D. are persuaded
解析：因people与persuade是被动关系，排除A和B。又因为主语是一般将来时，条件句中用一般现在时，所以选D。
2. Hundreds of jobs ______if the factory closes.
A. lose                     B. will be lost          C. are lost             D. will lost
解析：因lose与jobs是被动关系，排除A和D；又因条件状语从句是一般现在时，主句中的谓语动词应当是一般将来时，故选B。
3. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ______each year.
A. were washed away                            B. is being washed away
C. are washing away                              D. are being washed away
解析：因good earth(沃土) 与wash away(冲走) 是被动关系，排除C；又因quantities of…作主语，谓语动词用复数，排除B；指近阶段(近些年) 正在发生的事，用现在进行时，排除A；故选D。
4. —The window is dirty. —I know. It ______ for weeks.(www.MT56.com)
A. hasn’t cleaned        B. didn’t clean       C. wasn’t cleaned       D. hasn’t been cleaned
解析：由is和for weeks可知，要用现在完成时态，排除B和C；又因It (The window) 与clean是被动关系，要用被动语态，所以选D。
5. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding?
 —No, I ______. Did they have a big wedding?
A. was not invited                                 B. have not been invited    
C. hadn’t been invited                            D. didn’t invite
解析：因为I与invite是被动关系，又因为邀请应当发生在结婚之前，got married是过去，invite就该是过去的过去，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，只有C正确。
6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006.
  A. has been completed                         B. has completed
  C. will have been completed                 D. will have completed
解析：因“by+将来时间”通常与将来完成时连用，所以由by 2006可排除A和B；又因为work与complete是被动关系，所以要被动语态，只有C正确。
7. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ______run over by a car.
  A. have                  B. get                  C. become                 D. turn
解析：you与run over是被动关系，选项中只有get才可与过去分词run构成被动语态，故选B。