Imperial Music in Qing Dynasty
清朝的宫廷乐曲
In the earlier period of the Qing Dynasty a palatial department called the Training Department was in charge of the affairs of songs and dances. Then this department was revoked and its charges were taken over by other departments. Music was administered by the Harmony Department outside the palace, and the operas were administered by the Southern Department, which was a division of the Internal Affairs Department. As Cao Xingquan recounted in his book a Memoirs of Opera Performances in the former Qing Palaces, the three biggest stages were situated in three pdaces, the largest being situated at Rehe Temporary Palace which is the biggest. The two next stages were situated at Tranquility-Longevity Palace and Summer Palace.
在清代前期，一个富丽堂皇的部门叫做培训部是负责歌曲和舞蹈的事务的部门。然后，这个部门被撤销，由其它部门接管。在宫外，音乐由和声部管理，歌剧是由南方部管理的，这是内务部的一个管理部门。曹兴全在他的回忆录中讲述了前清宫殿戏曲的表演，其三大舞台分别坐落在三个宫殿，位于热河行宫的舞台是最大的。其他两个舞台分别位于万寿宫和颐和园。
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